package com.ryg.chapter_12.loader;

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;
import java.security.MessageDigest;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.LinkedBlockingQueue;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadFactory;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicInteger;

import com.ryg.chapter_12.R;
import com.ryg.chapter_12.utils.MyUtils;

import android.annotation.TargetApi;
import android.content.Context;
import android.graphics.Bitmap;
import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;
import android.os.Build;
import android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.os.Handler;
import android.os.Looper;
import android.os.Message;
import android.os.StatFs;
import android.support.v4.util.LruCache;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.ImageView;

public class ImageLoader {

    private static final String TAG = "ImageLoader";

    public static final int MESSAGE_POST_RESULT = 1;

    private static final int CPU_COUNT = Runtime.getRuntime()
            .availableProcessors();
    private static final int CORE_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT + 1;
    private static final int MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE = CPU_COUNT * 2 + 1;
    private static final long KEEP_ALIVE = 10L;

    private static final int TAG_KEY_URI = R.id.imageloader_uri;
    private static final long DISK_CACHE_SIZE = 1024 * 1024 * 50;
    private static final int IO_BUFFER_SIZE = 8 * 1024;
    private static final int DISK_CACHE_INDEX = 0;
    private boolean mIsDiskLruCacheCreated = false;

    private static final ThreadFactory sThreadFactory = new ThreadFactory() {
        private final AtomicInteger mCount = new AtomicInteger(1);

        public Thread newThread(Runnable r) {
            return new Thread(r, "ImageLoader#" + mCount.getAndIncrement());
        }
    };

    public static final Executor THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR = new ThreadPoolExecutor(
            CORE_POOL_SIZE, MAXIMUM_POOL_SIZE,
            KEEP_ALIVE, TimeUnit.SECONDS,
            new LinkedBlockingQueue<Runnable>(), sThreadFactory);
    
    private Handler mMainHandler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()) {
        @Override
        public void handleMessage(Message msg) {
            LoaderResult result = (LoaderResult) msg.obj;
            ImageView imageView = result.imageView;
            String uri = (String) imageView.getTag(TAG_KEY_URI);
            if (uri.equals(result.uri)) {
                imageView.setImageBitmap(result.bitmap);
            } else {
                Log.w(TAG, "set image bitmap,but url has changed, ignored!");
            }
        };
    };

    private Context mContext;
    private ImageResizer mImageResizer = new ImageResizer();
    private LruCache<String, Bitmap> mMemoryCache;
    private DiskLruCache mDiskLruCache;

    private ImageLoader(Context context) {
        mContext = context.getApplicationContext();
        int maxMemory = (int) (Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024);
        int cacheSize = maxMemory / 8;
        mMemoryCache = new LruCache<String, Bitmap>(cacheSize) {
            @Override
            protected int sizeOf(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
                return bitmap.getRowBytes() * bitmap.getHeight() / 1024;
            }
        };
        File diskCacheDir = getDiskCacheDir(mContext, "bitmap");
        if (!diskCacheDir.exists()) {
            diskCacheDir.mkdirs();
        }
        if (getUsableSpace(diskCacheDir) > DISK_CACHE_SIZE) {
            try {
                mDiskLruCache = DiskLruCache.open(diskCacheDir, 1, 1,
                        DISK_CACHE_SIZE);
                mIsDiskLruCacheCreated = true;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }

    /**
     * build a new instance of ImageLoader
     * @param context
     * @return a new instance of ImageLoader
     */
    public static ImageLoader build(Context context) {
        return new ImageLoader(context);
    }

    private void addBitmapToMemoryCache(String key, Bitmap bitmap) {
        if (getBitmapFromMemCache(key) == null) {
            mMemoryCache.put(key, bitmap);
        }
    }

    private Bitmap getBitmapFromMemCache(String key) {
        return mMemoryCache.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * load bitmap from memory cache or disk cache or network async, then bind imageView and bitmap.
     * NOTE THAT: should run in UI Thread
     * @param uri http url
     * @param imageView bitmap's bind object
     */
    public void bindBitmap(final String uri, final ImageView imageView) {
        bindBitmap(uri, imageView, 0, 0);
    }

    public void bindBitmap(final String uri, final ImageView imageView,
            final int reqWidth, final int reqHeight) {
        imageView.setTag(TAG_KEY_URI, uri);
        Bitmap bitmap = loadBitmapFromMemCache(uri);
        if (bitmap != null) {
            imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap);
            return;
        }

        Runnable loadBitmapTask = new Runnable() {

            @Override
            public void run() {
                Bitmap bitmap = loadBitmap(uri, reqWidth, reqHeight);
                if (bitmap != null) {
                    LoaderResult result = new LoaderResult(imageView, uri, bitmap);
                    mMainHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_POST_RESULT, result).sendToTarget();
                }
            }
        };
        THREAD_POOL_EXECUTOR.execute(loadBitmapTask);
    }

    /**
     * load bitmap from memory cache or disk cache or network.
     * @param uri http url
     * @param reqWidth the width ImageView desired
     * @param reqHeight the height ImageView desired
     * @return bitmap, maybe null.
     */
    public Bitmap loadBitmap(String uri, int reqWidth, int reqHeight) {
        Bitmap bitmap = loadBitmapFromMemCache(uri);
        if (bitmap != null) {
            Log.d(TAG, "loadBitmapFromMemCache,url:" + uri);
            return bitmap;
        }

        try {
            bitmap = loadBitmapFromDiskCache(uri, reqWidth, reqHeight);
            if (bitmap != null) {
                Log.d(TAG, "loadBitmapFromDisk,url:" + uri);
                return bitmap;
            }
            bitmap = loadBitmapFromHttp(uri, reqWidth, reqHeight);
            Log.d(TAG, "loadBitmapFromHttp,url:" + uri);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        if (bitmap == null && !mIsDiskLruCacheCreated) {
            Log.w(TAG, "encounter error, DiskLruCache is not created.");
            bitmap = downloadBitmapFromUrl(uri);
        }

        return bitmap;
    }

    private Bitmap loadBitmapFromMemCache(String url) {
        final String key = hashKeyFormUrl(url);
        Bitmap bitmap = getBitmapFromMemCache(key);
        return bitmap;
    }

    private Bitmap loadBitmapFromHttp(String url, int reqWidth, int reqHeight)
            throws IOException {
        if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {
            throw new RuntimeException("can not visit network from UI Thread.");
        }
        if (mDiskLruCache == null) {
            return null;
        }
        
        String key = hashKeyFormUrl(url);
        DiskLruCache.Editor editor = mDiskLruCache.edit(key);
        if (editor != null) {
            OutputStream outputStream = editor.newOutputStream(DISK_CACHE_INDEX);
            if (downloadUrlToStream(url, outputStream)) {
                editor.commit();
            } else {
                editor.abort();
            }
            mDiskLruCache.flush();
        }
        return loadBitmapFromDiskCache(url, reqWidth, reqHeight);
    }

    private Bitmap loadBitmapFromDiskCache(String url, int reqWidth,
            int reqHeight) throws IOException {
        if (Looper.myLooper() == Looper.getMainLooper()) {
            Log.w(TAG, "load bitmap from UI Thread, it's not recommended!");
        }
        if (mDiskLruCache == null) {
            return null;
        }

        Bitmap bitmap = null;
        String key = hashKeyFormUrl(url);
        DiskLruCache.Snapshot snapShot = mDiskLruCache.get(key);
        if (snapShot != null) {
            FileInputStream fileInputStream = (FileInputStream)snapShot.getInputStream(DISK_CACHE_INDEX);
            FileDescriptor fileDescriptor = fileInputStream.getFD();
            bitmap = mImageResizer.decodeSampledBitmapFromFileDescriptor(fileDescriptor,
                    reqWidth, reqHeight);
            if (bitmap != null) {
                addBitmapToMemoryCache(key, bitmap);
            }
        }

        return bitmap;
    }

    public boolean downloadUrlToStream(String urlString,
            OutputStream outputStream) {
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
        BufferedOutputStream out = null;
        BufferedInputStream in = null;

        try {
            final URL url = new URL(urlString);
            urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(),
                    IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
            out = new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, IO_BUFFER_SIZE);

            int b;
            while ((b = in.read()) != -1) {
                out.write(b);
            }
            return true;
        } catch (IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "downloadBitmap failed." + e);
        } finally {
            if (urlConnection != null) {
                urlConnection.disconnect();
            }
            MyUtils.close(out);
            MyUtils.close(in);
        }
        return false;
    }

    private Bitmap downloadBitmapFromUrl(String urlString) {
        Bitmap bitmap = null;
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
        BufferedInputStream in = null;

        try {
            final URL url = new URL(urlString);
            urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            in = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream(),
                    IO_BUFFER_SIZE);
            bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(in);
        } catch (final IOException e) {
            Log.e(TAG, "Error in downloadBitmap: " + e);
        } finally {
            if (urlConnection != null) {
                urlConnection.disconnect();
            }
            MyUtils.close(in);
        }
        return bitmap;
    }

    private String hashKeyFormUrl(String url) {
        String cacheKey;
        try {
            final MessageDigest mDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5");
            mDigest.update(url.getBytes());
            cacheKey = bytesToHexString(mDigest.digest());
        } catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
            cacheKey = String.valueOf(url.hashCode());
        }
        return cacheKey;
    }

    private String bytesToHexString(byte[] bytes) {
        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int i = 0; i < bytes.length; i++) {
            String hex = Integer.toHexString(0xFF & bytes[i]);
            if (hex.length() == 1) {
                sb.append('0');
            }
            sb.append(hex);
        }
        return sb.toString();
    }

    public File getDiskCacheDir(Context context, String uniqueName) {
        boolean externalStorageAvailable = Environment
                .getExternalStorageState().equals(Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED);
        final String cachePath;
        if (externalStorageAvailable) {
            cachePath = context.getExternalCacheDir().getPath();
        } else {
            cachePath = context.getCacheDir().getPath();
        }

        return new File(cachePath + File.separator + uniqueName);
    }

    @TargetApi(VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD)
    private long getUsableSpace(File path) {
        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= VERSION_CODES.GINGERBREAD) {
            return path.getUsableSpace();
        }
        final StatFs stats = new StatFs(path.getPath());
        return (long) stats.getBlockSize() * (long) stats.getAvailableBlocks();
    }

    private static class LoaderResult {
        public ImageView imageView;
        public String uri;
        public Bitmap bitmap;

        public LoaderResult(ImageView imageView, String uri, Bitmap bitmap) {
            this.imageView = imageView;
            this.uri = uri;
            this.bitmap = bitmap;
        }
    }
}
